E-Type
software evolution
Lehman has given eight laws for E-Type software evolution -
● Continuing change - An E-type software system must continue to adapt to the real world changes, else it becomes progressively less useful.
● Increasing complexity - As an E-type software system evolves, its complexity tends to increase unless work is done to maintain or reduce it.
● Conservation of familiarity - The familiarity with the software or the knowledge about how it was developed, why was it developed in that particular manner etc. must be retained at any cost, to implement the changes in the system.
● Continuing growth- In order for an E-type system intended to resolve some business problem, its size of implementing the changes grows according to the lifestyle changes of the business.
● Reducing quality - An E-type software system declines in quality unless rigorously maintained and adapted to a changing operational environment.
● Feedback systems- The E-type software systems constitute multi-loop, multi-level feedback systems and must be treated as such to be successfully modified or improved.
● Self-regulation - E-type system evolution processes are self-regulating with the distribution of product and process measures close to normal.
● Organizational stability - The average effective global activity rate in an evolving E-type system is invariant over the lifetime of the product.
Lehman has given eight laws for E-Type software evolution -
● Continuing change - An E-type software system must continue to adapt to the real world changes, else it becomes progressively less useful.
● Increasing complexity - As an E-type software system evolves, its complexity tends to increase unless work is done to maintain or reduce it.
● Conservation of familiarity - The familiarity with the software or the knowledge about how it was developed, why was it developed in that particular manner etc. must be retained at any cost, to implement the changes in the system.
● Continuing growth- In order for an E-type system intended to resolve some business problem, its size of implementing the changes grows according to the lifestyle changes of the business.
● Reducing quality - An E-type software system declines in quality unless rigorously maintained and adapted to a changing operational environment.
● Feedback systems- The E-type software systems constitute multi-loop, multi-level feedback systems and must be treated as such to be successfully modified or improved.
● Self-regulation - E-type system evolution processes are self-regulating with the distribution of product and process measures close to normal.
● Organizational stability - The average effective global activity rate in an evolving E-type system is invariant over the lifetime of the product.
Need of Software Engineering
The need of software engineering arises because of higher rate of change in user requirements and environment on which the software is working.
● Large software - It is easier to build a wall than to a house or building, likewise, as the size of software become large engineering has to step to give it a scientific process.
● Scalability- If the software process were not based on scientific and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new software than to scale an existing one.
● Cost- As hardware industry has shown its skills and huge manufacturing has lower down he price of computer and electronic hardware. But the cost of software remains high if proper process is not adapted.
● Dynamic Nature- The always growing and adapting nature of software hugely depends upon the environment in which user works. If the nature of software is always changing, new enhancements need to be done in the existing one. This is where software engineering plays a good role.
● Quality Management- Better process of software development provides better and quality software product.
The need of software engineering arises because of higher rate of change in user requirements and environment on which the software is working.
● Large software - It is easier to build a wall than to a house or building, likewise, as the size of software become large engineering has to step to give it a scientific process.
● Scalability- If the software process were not based on scientific and engineering concepts, it would be easier to re-create new software than to scale an existing one.
● Cost- As hardware industry has shown its skills and huge manufacturing has lower down he price of computer and electronic hardware. But the cost of software remains high if proper process is not adapted.
● Dynamic Nature- The always growing and adapting nature of software hugely depends upon the environment in which user works. If the nature of software is always changing, new enhancements need to be done in the existing one. This is where software engineering plays a good role.
● Quality Management- Better process of software development provides better and quality software product.
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